CBSE 11th Class Biology Syllabus

Units	Topics	Marks
I	Diversity of Living Organisms	7
II	Structural Organisation in Plants & Animals	11
III	Cell: Structure and Function	15
IV	Plant Physiology	17
V	Human Physiology: Section A & Section B	10 + 10
Total	70

Course Syllabus

Unit I: Diversity of Living Organism

Chapter 1: The Living World

What is living?
Biodiversity
Need for classification
Three domains of life
Taxonomy and systematics
Concept of species
Taxonomical hierarchy
Binomial nomenclature
Tools for study of taxonomy −
- Museums
- Zoological parks
- Herbaria
- Botanical gardens

Chapter 2: Biological Classification

Five kingdom classification
Salient features and classification of Monera, Protista and Fungi into major groups −
- Lichens
- Viruses
- Viroids

Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom

Salient features and classification of plants into major groups −
- Algae
- Bryophyta
- Pteridophyta
- Gymnospermae
- Angiospermae

(Three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category)

Angiosperms −
- Classification up to class
- Characteristic features and examples

Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom

Salient features and classification of animals non chordates up to phyla level and chordates up to class level (three to five salient features and at least two examples of each category).

Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants

Morphology and modifications: Tissues

Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants −
- Root
- Stem
- Leaf
- Inflorescence
- Flower
- Fruit
- seed

Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals

Animal tissues
Morphology
Anatomy and functions of different systems of an insect (Cockroach) −
- Digestive System
- Circulatory System
- Respiratory System
- Nervous System
- Reproductive System

Unit III: Cell Structure and Function

Chapter 8: Cell-The Unit of Life

Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life
Structure of −
- Prokaryotic cell
- Eukaryotic cell
Plant cell and animal cell
Cell envelope −
- Cell membrane
- Cell wall
Cell organelles - structure and function −
- Endomembrane system
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Golgi bodies
- Lysosomes
- Vacuoles
- Mitochondria
- Ribosomes
- Plastids
- Microbodies
- Cytoskeleton
- Cilia
- Flagella
- Centrioles (ultrastructure and function)
- Nucleus
- Nuclear membrane
- Chromatin
- Nucleolus

Chapter 9: Biomolecules

Chemical constituents of living cells
Biomolecules
Structure and function of −
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Nucleic acids
- Enzymes
- Types
- Properties
- Enzyme action

Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Cell cycle
Mitosis
Meiosis
significance

Unit IV: Plant Physiology

Chapter 11: Transport in Plants

Transport in plants
Movement of −
- Water
- Gases
- Nutrients
Cell to cell transport −
- Diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
- Active transport
Plant-water relations −
- Imbibition
- Water potential
- Osmosis
- Plasmolysis
Long distance transport of water −
- Absorption
- Apoplast
- Symplast
- Transpiration pull
- Root pressure
- Guttation
Transpiration −
- Opening and closing of stomata
Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients −
- Transport of food
- Phloem transport
- Massflow hypothesis
Diffusion of gases

Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition

Essential minerals
Macro and micro-nutrients and their role
Deficiency symptoms
Mineral toxicity
Elementary idea of hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition
Nitrogen metabolism
Nitrogen cycle
Biological nitrogen fixation

Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Photosynthesis as a mean of autotrophic nutrition
Site of photosynthesis −
- Pigments involved in photosynthesis (elementary idea)
Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis
Cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation
Chemiosmotic hypothesis
Photorespiration
C3 and C4 pathways
factors affecting photosynthesis

Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants

Exchange of gases
Cellular respiration −
- Glycolysis
- Fermentation (anaerobic)
- TCA cycle
- Electron transport system (aerobic)
Energy relations - number of ATP molecules generated
Amphibolic pathways
Respiratory quotient

Chapter 15: Plant - Growth and Development

Seed germination
Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate
Conditions of growth
Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation
Sequence of developmental processes in a plant cell
Growth regulators −
- Auxin
- Gibberellin
- Cytokinin
- Ethylene
- Aba
Seed dormancy
Vernalisation
Photoperiodism

Unit V: Human Physiology

Section: A

Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption

Alimentary canal and digestive glands
- Role of digestive enzymes
- Gastrointestinal hormones
Peristalsis
Digestion
Absorption and assimilation of −
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Fats
Calorific values of −
- Proteins
- Carbohydrates
- Fats;
Egestion;
Nutritional and digestive disorders −
- PEM
- Indigestion
- Constipation
- Vomiting
- Jaundice
- Diarrhoea

Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Respiratory organs in animals (recall only)
Respiratory system in humans
Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans −
- Exchange of gases
- Transport of gases
- Regulation of respiration
- Respiratory volume
Disorders related to respiration −
- Asthma
- Emphysema
- Occupational respiratory disorders

Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation

Composition of blood
- Blood groups
- Coagulation of blood
Composition of lymph and its function
Human circulatory system −
- Structure of human heart
- Blood vessels
Cardiac cycle −
- Cardiac output
- ECG
Double circulation
Regulation of cardiac activity
Disorders of circulatory system −
- Hypertension
- Coronary artery disease
- Angina pectoris
- Heart failure

Section B: Human Physiology

Chapter 19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination

Modes of excretion
- Ammonotelism
- Ureotelism
- Uricotelism
Human excretory system
- Structure
- Function
Urine formation
- Osmoregulation
Regulation of kidney function
- Renin – angiotensin
- Atrial natriuretic factor
- ADH and diabetes insipidus
Role of other organs in excretion
Disorders
- Uraemia
- Renal failure
- Renal calculi
- Nephritis
Dialysis and artificial kidney

Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement

Types of movement
- Ciliary
- Flagellar
- Muscular − skeletal muscle-contractile proteins and muscle contraction
Skeletal system and its functions
Joints
Disorders of muscular and skeletal system −
- Myasthenia gravis
- Tetany
- Muscular dystrophy
- Arthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Gout

Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination

Neuron and nerves
- Nervous system in humans
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Visceral nervous system
Generation and conduction of nerve impulse
Reflex action
Sensory perception
Sense organs
Elementary structure and functions of eye and ear

Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration

Endocrine glands and hormones
Human endocrine systemn −
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary
- Pineal
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenal
- Pancreas
- Gonads
Mechanism of Hormone Action (elementary Idea)
Role of hormones as messengers and regulators
Hypo - and hyperactivity and related disorders
- Dwarfism
- Acromegaly
- Cretinism
- Goiter
- Exophthalmic Goiter
- Diabetes
- Addision's disease

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