Syllogism - Solved Examples

Answer : E

Explanation

Some pigs are bachelors (I) + all bachelors are blessed (A) = I + A = I = some pigs are blessed. Hence conclusion I follows. Again all bachelors are blessed - conversion - some blessed are bachelors. Hence conclusion II also follows.

Q 2 - Statements:

I. Some pictures are beds.

II. All beds are trees.

Conclusions:

I. Some pictures are trees.

II. At least some trees are beds.

Answer : E

Explanation

Some pictures are beds (I) + all beds are trees (A) = I + A = I = some pictures are trees. Hence conclusion I follows. Again all beds are trees - conversion - some trees are beds. Hence conclusion II also follows.

Q 3 - Statements:

I. Some ninjas are dogs.

II. No dogs is a liar.

Conclusions:

I. No ninja is a liar.

II. At least some ninjas are liars.

Answer : C

Explanation

Some ninjas are dogs (I) + no dog is a liar (E) = I + E = O = some ninjas are not liars. But conclusion I and II make a complementary pair (I - E). Hence either I or II follows. So option C is correct.

Q 4 - Statements:

I. Some necklace are diagrams.

II. No diagram is a lollipop.

Conclusions:

I. No necklace is a lollipop.

II. At least some necklaces are letters.

Answer : C

Explanation

Some necklaces are diagrams (I) + no diagram is a lollipop (E) = I + E = O = some necklace are not lollipop. But conclusion I and II make a complementary pair (I - E). Hence either I or II follows. So option C.

Q 5 - Statements:

I. Some mangos are brinjals.

II. Some carrots are brinjals.

Conclusions:

I. All mangos are carrots.

II. At least some brinjals are not carrots.

Answer : D

Explanation

Some mangos are brinjals (I) + (some carrots are brinjals (I) - conversion -) some brinjals are carrots (I) = I + I = no conclusion. Hence conclusion I and II do not follow.

Q 6 - Statements:

I. Some rifles are bombs.

II. Some cigars are bombs.

Conclusions:

I. All rifles are cigars.

II. At least some bombs are not cigars.

Answer : D

Explanation

Some rifles are bombs (I) + (some cigars are bombs (I) - conversion -) some bombs are cigars (I) = I + I = no conclusion. Hence conclusion I and II do not follow.

Q 7 - Statements:

I. No cake is a ginger.

II. Some gingers are garlic.

Conclusions:

I. No cake is a garlic.

II. Some garlics are not cakes.

Answer : B

Explanation

No cake is a ginger (E) + some gingers are garlics (I) = E + I = O ∗ = some garlics are not cakes. Hence conclusion II only follows, but I does not follow.

Q 8 - Statements:

I. No cash is a flash.

II. Some flashes are bears.

Conclusions:

I. No cash is a bear.

II. Some bears are not cash.

Answer : B

Explanation

No cash is a flash (E) + some flashes are bears (I) = E + I = O ∗ = some bears are not cash. Hence conclusion II only follows, but conclusion I does not follow.

Q 9 - Statements:

I. No pizza is a burger.

II. No chautney is a burger.

Conclusions:

I. Some pizzas are not chautneys.

II. Some burgers are chautneys.

D - If neither conclusion I or II follows.

Answer : D

Explanation

No pizza is a burger (E) + (no chautney is burger-conversion -) no burger is a chautney (E) = E + E = no conclusion. Hence conclusion I does not follow. Again, no chautney is a burger - conversion - no burger is a chautney. Hence conclusion II also does not follow.

Q 10 - Statements:

I. All fingers are levers.

II. Some levers are fringe.

Conclusions:

I. Some fringe are levers.

II. No fingers is a fringe.

D - If neither conclusion I or II follows.