Reasoning - Analogy

If the relationship between one pair of words is similar to another pair of words then we say that both the pair of words is analogous to each other. In simple words, the relationship between two words must be same for other words associated with them too.

For Example −

Devotee: Temple and Patient: Hospital is a parallel pair of words because they have similar kind of relationship between them. As devotees go to temple; patients go to hospital.

Note −

In this section we have to analyze the relationship between two given pairs and find the relationship between other two pairs among which one is given in the question and other one will be present in the options.

Analogy can be categorized into following two types −

• Words Analogy
• Number Analogy

Word analogy again can be reclassified into following two sections −

• Meaningful Words
• Non- Meaningful Words

First find the relationship between the two given words and once you find that, go for finding the similar relationship word for the asked word from the given options.

Opposite Relationship

If two given pairs are opposite in meaning to each other, similar kind of relationship has to chosen for the question pair from the given options.

For Example −

Kinetic : Potential

Fat : Thin

Synonymous Relationship

The two words of the question pairs are similar in meaning and that relationship has to be found among the words given in the answer choice word pair.

For Example −

Huge : Big

Slim : Thin

Cause and Effect

Here if one word will be the cause then other will be its effect.

Fire : Death

Fasting : Starvation

Worker and Article Relationship

Here the relationship is about the maker or producer with its production.

For Example −

Writer : Novel

Artist : Painting

Worker and Tool Relationship

Relationship is among a particular class of people and the tools used by them.

For Example −

Student : Pen

DTP Operator : Computer

Tool and Object Relationship

It describes the relationship between the tool and its corresponding object.

Paint : Wall

Knife : Vegetables

There will be certain relationship among the first two numbers. We have to find that and accordingly solve the question.

For Example −

Question − 4:8:: 16:

A - 21

B - 19

C - 32

D - 51

Answer − Option C

Explanation −

Here either 4 + 4 = 8 or 4 × 2 = 8. Following the similar fashion, our answers should be either 16 + 4 = 20 or 16 + 16 = 32.

As 20 is not there but 32 is there, hence it is the correct answer.

Similarly some other similar kinds of analogies are −

• Whole and part analogy
• Intensity relationship
• Classification relationship
• Functional analogy
• Gender analogy
• Sequential analogy
• Quantity and unit analogy
• Utility analogy
• Symbolic analogy
• Association analogy
• Age analogy
• Characterization analogy etc