The C Standard Library
The C Standard Library

C++ Library - <iterator>

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Introduction

It is a pointer-like object that can be incremented with ++, dereferenced with *, and compared against another iterator with !=

Categories

category				properties	valid expressions
all categories				copy-constructible, copy-assignable and destructible	`X b(a);` b = a;
all categories				It can be incremented	`++a` a++
Random Access	Bidirectional	Forward	Input	It supports equality/inequality comparisons	`a == b` a != b
			Input	It can be dereferenced as an rvalue	`*a` a->m
			Output	It can be dereferenced as an lvalue (only for mutable iterator types)	`a = t` a++ = t
				default-constructible	`X a;` X()
				Multi-pass: neither dereferencing nor incrementing affects dereferenceability	`{ b = a; a++; b; }`
				It can be decremented	`--a` a-- *a--
				It supports arithmetic operators `+` and `-`	`a + n` n + a a - n a - b
				It supports inequality comparisons ( `<`, `>`, `<=` and `>=`) between iterators	`a < b` a > b a <= b a >= b
				It supports compound assignment operations `+=` and `-=`	a += n a -= n
				It supports offset dereference operator (`[]`)	`a[n]`

Functions

Sr.No.	Functions & Description
1	advance It advances the iterator it by n element positions.
2	distance It returns distance between iterators.
3	begin It is used to begin an iterator.
4	end It is used to end an iterator.
5	prev It is used to get iterator to previous element.
6	next It is used to get iterator to next element.

Iterator generators

Sr.No.	Iterator generators & Description
1	back_inserter It constructs back insert iterator.
2	inserter It constructs insert iterator
3	make_move_iterator It construct move iterators.

Classes

Sr.No.	Classes & Description
1	iterator It iterators base class.
2	iterator_traits It is an iterator traits.

Predefined iterators

Sr.No.	Predefined iterators & Description
1	reverse_iterator It is a reverse iterator.
2	move_iterator It is a move iterator.
3	back_insert_iterator It is a back insert iterator.
4	front_insert_iterator It is a front insert iterator.
5	insert_iterator It is used to insert an iterator.
6	istream_iterator It is an input stream iterator.
7	ostream_iterator It is an output stream iterator.
8	istreambuf_iterator It is an input stream buffer iterator.
7	ostreambuf_iterator It is an output stream buffer iterator.

Category tags

Sr.No.	Category tags & Description
1	input_iterator_tag Input iterator category.
2	output_iterator_tag output iterator category.
3	forward_iterator_tag Forward iterator category.
4	bidirectional_iterator_tag Bidirectional iterator category.
5	random_access_iterator_tag Random-access iterator category.

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