Biology - Inventions & Discoveries in Biology


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  • The following table illustrates important inventions and discoveries in Biology −

Name of inventions/discoveries Discoverers & Inventors
Systemic circulation of blood William Harvey
Observation of microorganisms Antony van Leeuwenhoek
Sex hormones Eugen Stainak
Simple microscope Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Stethoscope René Laennec
First test tube baby Robert Edward and Patrick Steptoe
Vaccination Edward Jenner
Vitamin Casimir Funk
CT scan Godfrey Hounsfield & Allan Cormack
DNA Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
DNA Structure James Watson and Francis Crick
DNA Fingerprinting Alec Jeffreys
Electrocardiogram (ECG) Willem Einthoven
5 kingdom classification R. H. Whittaker
Genetic code Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich J. Matthaei
Genetic drift Sewall Wright
Father of heart transplantation Norman Shumway
Heart transplantation first performed Christiaan Barnard
Hormone William Bayliss
Insulin Frederick Banting and Charles H. Best
Malaria Parasite Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Damadian
Open heart surgery Dr. Daniel Hale Williams. And Dr. Daniel Williams
Penicillin Alexander Fleming
Polio vaccine Jonas Salk and a team
Rh factor in human blood Dr. Alexander S. Wiener and Karl Landsteiner
Cancer Hippocrates
Blood group (ABO group) Karl Landsteiner
Binomial nomenclature Carl Linnaeus
Bacteria (& protozoa) Van Leeuwenhoek
Aspirin Felix Hoffmann at Bayer in Germany
Jarvik-7 (first artificial heart) Willem Johan Kolff and Robert Jarvik
Anthrax vaccine Pasteur
Amoeba August Johann Rösel von Rosenhof
Oxygen in respiration and photosynthesis Joseph Priestley, Antoine Lavoisier and Jan Ingenhousz
Animal electricity Luigi Galvani
Cell Robert Hooke
Cell Theory Schleiden and Schwann
Chromosomes Hofmeister
Chioroplast Schimper
Mitochondria Kolliker
Nucleus Robert Brown
Nucleoplasm Strasburger
Enzyme Anselme Payen
Mitosis Walther Flemming
Meiosis Oscar Hertwig
Mutations Thomas Hunt Morgan and Lilian Vaughan Morgan
Virus Dmitri Ivanovsky & Martinus Beijerinck
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