| Glucose Homeostasis Disorders |
| Diseases |
Types |
Result |
| Diabetes Mellitus |
Type 1 Diabetes |
Increases sugar levels |
| Type 2 Diabetes |
|
| Gestational Diabetes |
|
| Hypoglycemia |
Idiopathic hypoglycemia |
Decreases sugar level (below normal) |
| Insulinoma |
|
| Glucagonoma |
Cause: Because of the overproduction of glucagon hormone |
tumor of the pancreas |
| Thyroid Disorders |
| Goiter |
Cause: deficiency of iodine |
swelling of the neck or larynx |
| Hyperthyroidism (excessive production of thyroid hormone) |
Graves-Basedow disease |
Muscle weakness, sleeping problems, diarrhea, weight loss, etc. |
|
Toxic multinodular goitre |
|
| Hypothyroidism |
| (low release of thyroid hormone) |
|
Poor ability to tolerate cold, a feeling of tiredness, constipation, depression, and weight gain |
| Thyroiditis |
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis |
Inflammation of the thyroid gland |
| Thyroid cancer |
|
Nodule in the thyroid region of the neck |
| Metabolic Bone Disease |
| Parathyroid gland disorders |
Primary hyperparathyroidism |
Alterations in the blood calcium levels and bone metabolism |
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism |
|
| Tertiary hyperparathyroidism |
|
| Hypoparathyroidism |
|
| Osteoporosis |
|
Bone weakness |
| Paget's disease of bone |
|
Weakening of bones |
| Rickets and Osteomalacia |
|
Child disease (because of vitamin D deficiency) |
| Pituitary Gland Disorders |
| Diabetes insipidus |
|
Excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely dilute urine |
| Hypopituitarism |
|
|
| Pituitary tumors |
Pituitary adenomas |
|
| Prolactinoma |
|
| Acromegaly |
|
| Cushing's disease |
|
| Sex Hormone Disorders |
| Intersex disorders |
Hermaphroditism |
|
| Gonadal dysgenesis |
|
| Androgen insensitivity syndromes |
|
| Genetic and chromosomal disorders |
Kallmann syndrome |
|
| Klinefelter syndrome |
|
|
Turner syndrome |
|
| Acquired disorders |
Ovarian failure |
|
| Testicular failure |
|
| Disorders of Puberty |
Delayed puberty |
|
|
Precocious puberty |
|
| Menstrual function or fertility disorders |
Amenorrhea |
|
| Polycystic ovary syndrome |
|
