Elasticsearch - Search APIs

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This API is used to search content in Elasticsearch. A user can search by sending a get request with query string as a parameter or they can post a query in the message body of post request. Mainly all the search APIS are multi-index, multi-type.

Multi-Index

Elasticsearch allows us to search for the documents present in all the indices or in some specific indices. For example, if we need to search all the documents with a name that contains central, we can do as shown here −

GET /_all/_search?q=city:paprola

On running the above code, we get the following response −

{
   "took" : 33,
   "timed_out" : false,
   "_shards" : {
      "total" : 7,
      "successful" : 7,
      "skipped" : 0,
      "failed" : 0
   },
   "hits" : {
      "total" : {
         "value" : 1,
         "relation" : "eq"
      },
      "max_score" : 0.9808292,
      "hits" : [
         {
            "_index" : "schools",
            "_type" : "school",
            "_id" : "5",
            "_score" : 0.9808292,
            "_source" : {
               "name" : "Central School",
               "description" : "CBSE Affiliation",
               "street" : "Nagan",
               "city" : "paprola",
               "state" : "HP",
               "zip" : "176115",
               "location" : [
                  31.8955385,
                  76.8380405
               ],
               "fees" : 2200,
               "tags" : [
                  "Senior Secondary",
                  "beautiful campus"
               ],
               "rating" : "3.3"
            }
         }
      ]
   }
}

URI Search

Many parameters can be passed in a search operation using Uniform Resource Identifier −

S.No Parameter & Description
1

Q

This parameter is used to specify query string.
2

lenient

This parameter is used to specify query string.Format based errors can be ignored by just setting this parameter to true. It is false by default.
3

fields

This parameter is used to specify query string.
4

sort

We can get sorted result by using this parameter, the possible values for this parameter is fieldName, fieldName:asc/fieldname:desc
5

timeout

We can restrict the search time by using this parameter and response only contains the hits in that specified time. By default, there is no timeout.
6

terminate_after

We can restrict the response to a specified number of documents for each shard, upon reaching which the query will terminate early. By default, there is no terminate_after.
7

from

The starting from index of the hits to return. Defaults to 0.
8

size

It denotes the number of hits to return. Defaults to 10.

Request Body Search

We can also specify query using query DSL in request body and there are many examples already given in previous chapters. One such example is given here −

POST /schools/_search
{
   "query":{
      "query_string":{
         "query":"up"
      }
   }
}

On running the above code, we get the following response −

{
   "took" : 11,
   "timed_out" : false,
   "_shards" : {
      "total" : 1,
      "successful" : 1,
      "skipped" : 0,
      "failed" : 0
   },
   "hits" : {
      "total" : {
         "value" : 1,
         "relation" : "eq"
      },
      "max_score" : 0.47000363,
      "hits" : [
         {
            "_index" : "schools",
            "_type" : "school",
            "_id" : "4",
            "_score" : 0.47000363,
            "_source" : {
               "name" : "City Best School",
               "description" : "ICSE",
               "street" : "West End",
               "city" : "Meerut",
               "state" : "UP",
               "zip" : "250002",
               "location" : [
                  28.9926174,
                  77.692485
               ],
               "fees" : 3500,
               "tags" : [
                  "fully computerized"
               ],
               "rating" : "4.5"
            }
         }
      ]
   }
}
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