DSP - DFT Solved Examples

Example 1

Verify Parseval’s theorem of the sequence $x(n) = \frac{1^n}{4}u(n)$

Solution − $\displaystyle\sum\limits_{-\infty}^\infty|x_1(n)|^2 = \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}|X_1(e^{j\omega})|^2d\omega$

L.H.S $\displaystyle\sum\limits_{-\infty}^\infty|x_1(n)|^2$

$= \displaystyle\sum\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty}x(n)x^*(n)$

$= \displaystyle\sum\limits_{-\infty}^\infty(\frac{1}{4})^{2n}u(n) = \frac{1}{1-\frac{1}{16}} = \frac{16}{15}$

R.H.S. $X(e^{j\omega}) = \frac{1}{1-\frac{1}{4}e-j\omega} = \frac{1}{1-0.25\cos \omega+j0.25\sin \omega}$

$\Longleftrightarrow X^*(e^{j\omega}) = \frac{1}{1-0.25\cos \omega-j0.25\sin \omega}$

Calculating, $X(e^{j\omega}).X^*(e^{j\omega})$

$= \frac{1}{(1-0.25\cos \omega)^2+(0.25\sin \omega)^2} = \frac{1}{1.0625-0.5\cos \omega}$

$\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}\frac{1}{1.0625-0.5\cos \omega}d\omega$

$\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}\frac{1}{1.0625-0.5\cos \omega}d\omega = 16/15$

We can see that, LHS = RHS.(Hence Proved)

Example 2

Compute the N-point DFT of $x(n) = 3\delta (n)$

Solution − We know that,

$X(K) = \displaystyle\sum\limits_{n = 0}^{N-1}x(n)e^{\frac{j2\Pi kn}{N}}$

$= \displaystyle\sum\limits_{n = 0}^{N-1}3\delta(n)e^{\frac{j2\Pi kn}{N}}$

$ = 3\delta (0)\times e^0 = 1$

So,$x(k) = 3,0\leq k\leq N-1$… Ans.

Example 3

Compute the N-point DFT of $x(n) = 7(n-n_0)$

Solution − We know that,

$X(K) = \displaystyle\sum\limits_{n = 0}^{N-1}x(n)e^{\frac{j2\Pi kn}{N}}$

Substituting the value of x(n),

$\displaystyle\sum\limits_{n = 0}^{N-1}7\delta (n-n_0)e^{-\frac{j2\Pi kn}{N}}$

$= e^{-kj14\Pi kn_0/N}$… Ans