Tk - Windows Manager
Window manager is used to handle the top level window. It helps in controlling the size, position, and other attributes of the window. In Tk, . is used to refer the main window. The syntax for window command is shown below −
wm option window arguments
The list of options available for Tk wm command is shown in the following table −
| Sr.No. |
Syntax & Description |
| 1 |
aspect windowName a b c d
Tries to maintain the ratio of width/height to be between a/b and c/d. |
| 2 |
geometry windowName geometryParams
Use to set geometry for window. |
| 3 |
grid windowName w h dx dy
Sets the grid size. |
| 4 |
group windowName leaderName
leaderName gives the leader of a group of related windows. |
| 5 |
deiconify windowName
Brings the screen to normal if minimized. |
| 6 |
iconify windowName
Minimizes the window. |
| 7 |
state windowName
Returns the current state of window. |
| 8 |
withdraw windowName
Unmaps the window and removes its details in memory. |
| 9 |
iconbitmap windowName image
Sets or returns the icon bitmap. |
| 10 |
iconPhoto windowName image
Sets or returns the icon photo. |
| 11 |
command windowName commandString
Records the startup command in the WM_COMMAND property. |
| 12 |
protocol windowName arguments
Register a command to handle the protocol request name, which can be WM_DELETE_WINDOW,
WM_SAVE_YOURSELF,
WM_TAKE_FOCUS. Eg: wm protocol.
WM_DELETE_WINDOW Quit. |
| 13 |
minsize windowName size
Determines the minimum window size. |
| 14 |
maxsize windowName size
Determines the maximum window size. |
| 15 |
title windowName titleText
Determines the title for window. |
| 16 |
attributes subOptions
There are lots of attributes available like alpha, full screen and so on. |
Some of the above commands are used in the following example −
#!/usr/bin/wish
wm maxsize . 800 800
wm minsize . 300 300
wm title . "Hello"
wm attributes . -alpha ".90"
wm geometry . 300x200+100+100
When we run the above program, we will get the following output −
As you can see alpha is one of the attributes available. The list of commonly used subcommands are listed below −
| Sr.No. |
Syntax & Description |
| 1 |
-alpha number
Sets the alpha for window. |
| 2 |
-fullscreen number
Number can be 0 for normal screen or 1 for full screen. |
| 3 |
-topmost number
Sets or returns whether window is topmost.Value can be 0 or 1. |
Creating Window
We can use toplevel command to create window and an example is shown below −
#!/usr/bin/wish
toplevel .t
When we run the above program, we will get the following output −
Destroying Window
We can use destroy command to destroy window and an example is shown below −
#!/usr/bin/wish
destroy .t
The above command will destroy window named .t.
