Testing Types In SAP
There are different types of testing methods available that can be used to perform SAP testing.
Unit Testing
Unit testing is used to test the functionality of a SAP system and its various components. It is performed by domain and configuration experts who know the functionality of each unit in a system.
Example
Suppose the task is to create a sales order and save it. To perform unit testing for this task, the tester should know that the sales order can be saved using the SAP organization elements like customer master data, partner functions, material master data, company code, credit control area, sales organization, etc.
Example
In ABAP development, Unit testing can be performed to check if a report can be created from developer-generated data. It requires assistance from the domain expert.
System Testing
System Testing involves the integration of elements of a SAP system to ensure that related SAP functionality are linked together in the development environment.
Example
If you say a cash flow for a quotation in an organization would show that a quote can be used to create a sales order, a delivery can be created and processed from the order, the delivery can be billed, the billing released to accounting, and a customer payment applied against the accounting invoice.
Each unit is tested like this and then the test results are combined using system testing.
Scenario-based Testing
Scenario testing, as the name suggests, is performed as per specific business cases.
Example
Suppose there are a few tasks that are specific to a customer segment or a given product line or a set of services. For these specific line of target, you have different scenarios that you need to test. This testing is also performed in the development environment.
Integration Testing
In this testing, testing data comes from a real data extraction source. Data is known to business end-users.
Integration testing is used to present that the business process, as designed and configured in SAP, runs using real-world data. In addition the testing shows that the interface triggers, reports, workflows are working.
SAP Interface Testing
Interface testing ensures that a business process on a SAP system runs automatically, the events are triggered, and the results are transferred to the receiver system. Interface testing involves execution on the sending system followed by automatic generation of the interface output, and then the receiving system consuming that file and proving that a business process continues on the receiver.
Ideally, interface testing involves larger testing activities as a project progresses. Interface testing shows that triggering works, the data selection is accurate and complete, data transfer is successful, and the receiver is able to consume the sent data.
SAP User Acceptance Testing
SAP UAT is used to ensure that the end-users are able to perform the assigned job functions with the new system. The important aspect of this testing is to understand the business requirement and to ensure that the expected features, functions and capabilities are available.
SAP System Performance Testing
Performance testing checks the following aspects −
Whether the system response time is acceptable as per the business requirement
Whether periodic processes are running within permissible time,
Whether the expected concurrent user load can be supported
Performance testing identifies bottlenecks and coding inefficiencies in the SAP system. It is not likely that system performance tuning is perfectly set up and the program is running with optimized code.
SAP Load Testing
In Load Testing, the tester applies maximum load on a system, either online users or periodic batch processing, and identifies whether the system is capable enough to handle the load. If not, it finds out the steps needed to improve performance.
SAP Security and Authorizations Testing
Security and Authorizations Testing is used to ensure that users are only able to execute transactions and access appropriate data that is relevant to their project.
As with the implementation of Security standards, this is really important to test if security and authorization is placed in a system. Test IDs for job roles are created and used to both confirm what a user can do and what a user cannot do.
SAP Cutover Testing
Cutover testing is usually performed once in a project lifecycle. Here a full-scale execution is done of all the tasks involved to extract data from legacy systems. Then, to perform any kind of data conversion, load the results into the SAP system and fully validate the results, including a user sign-off.
SAP Regression Testing
Regression testing is used to find new functionalities and to test previous functionalities in a system when it is upgraded or a new system is set up. The key role of regression testing is to test the existing functionality and newly updated configuration and codebase.
When you upgrade your SAP system or apply a patch, it shouldn’t affect the functionality that is expected to be performed by the users. In addition, it should not affect the new features that are supposed to be introduced in a new release.
