Inventions & Inventors in Physics


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The following table illustrates the major inventions and their inventors in physics uses −

Invention Inventor
Centigrade scale Anders Celsius
Watch Peter Henlein
Radio Guglielmo Marconi
Telephone Alexander Graham Bell
Electricity Benjamin Franklin
Electric Light Bulb Thomas Edison
Thermometer Galileo Galilei
Telescope Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Janssen; later Galileo
Telegraph Samuel Morse
Cosmic Rays Victor Hess (but the term ‘cosmic rays’ first used by Robert Millikan
Automobile Karl Benz
Magnetic Tape Fritz Pfleumer
Transformer Michael Faraday (later Ottó Titusz Bláthy)
Electromagnetic Induction Michael Faraday
Quantum mechanics Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan
Wave mechanics Erwin Schrödinger
Nuclear Reactor Enrico Fermi
Fuel Cell William Grove
Airplane Wright Brothers
Barometer Evangelista Torricelli
Camera Nicéphore Niépce
Diesel Engine Rudolf Diesel
Helicopter Igor Sikorsky
Dynamite Alfred Nobel
Lift Elisha Otis
Laser Printer Gary Starkweather
Mobile Phone Martin Cooper
Printing Press Johannes Gutenberg
Video Games Ralph Baer
Steam engine Thomas Newcomen
Railway Engine George Stephenson
Jet Engine Frank Whittle
Seismograph John Milne
Electric Generator Michael Faraday
Television John Logie Baird
Refrigerator William Cullen (later Oliver Evans)
Carburetor Luigi De Cristoforis & Enrico Bernardi
Air Brake George Westinghouse
Atomic bomb Robert Oppenheimer, Edward Teller et al
Air conditioner Willis Carrier
Machine Gun Sir Hiram Maxim
Radar Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt
Submarine Cornelius Drebbel (later) David Bushnell
First military submarine Yefim Nikonov
Transistor John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley
Galvanometer Johann Schweigger
Laser Theodore H. Maiman (first demonstrated)
Neon lamp Georges Claude
Rocket Engine Robert Goddard
Typewriter Christopher Latham Sholes
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