| Name |
Country (year) |
Work/Area |
| Svante August Arrhenius |
Sweden (1903) |
Electrolytic theory of dissociation |
| Sir William Ramsay |
UK (1904) |
Discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air |
| Ernest Rutherford |
UK/New Zealand (1908) |
Chemistry of radioactive substances |
| Maria Skłodowska-Curie |
Poland/France (1911) |
Discovery of the elements radium and polonium |
| Alfred Werner |
Switzerland (1913) |
Linkage of atoms in molecules |
| Theodore William Richards |
US (1914) |
Determinations of the atomic weight |
| Walter Norman Haworth |
UK (1937) |
Investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C |
| Paul Karrer |
Switzerland (1937) |
investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2 |
| Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt |
Germany (1939) |
Work on sex hormones |
| Otto Hahn |
Germany (1944) |
Discovery of the fission of heavy nuclei |
| John Howard Northrop & Wendell Meredith Stanley |
US (1946) |
Preparation of enzymes and virus proteins in a pure form |
| Vincent du Vigneaud |
US (1955) |
First synthesis of a polypeptide hormone |
| Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood & Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov |
UK & Soviet Union (1956) |
Mechanism of chemical reactions |
| Frederick Sanger |
UK (1958) |
The structure of proteins (especially insulin) |
| Willard Frank Libby |
US (1960) |
Method to use carbon-14 for age determination |
| Melvin Calvin |
US (1961) |
Carbon dioxide assimilation in plants |
| Karl Ziegler & Giulio Natta |
Germany & Italy (1963) |
Chemistry and technology of high polymers |
| Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin |
UK (1964) |
Determinations by X-ray techniques |
| Paul J. Flory |
US (1974) |
Physical chemistry of macromolecules |
| Paul Berg |
US (1980) |
recombinant-DNA |
| Aaron Klug |
UK (1982) |
Development of crystallographic electron microscopy |
| Henry Taube |
US (1983) |
Mechanisms of electron transfer reactions |
| Robert Bruce Merrifield |
US (1984) |
Methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix |
| Elias James Corey |
US (1990) |
Methodology of organic synthesis |
| Richard R. Ernst |
Switzerland (1991) |
Methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy |
| Kary B. Mullis |
US (1993) |
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method |
| George A. Olah |
US & Hungary (1994) |
Carbocation chemistry |
| Peter Agre |
US (2003) |
Discovery of water channels (cell membranes) |
| Roger D. Kornberg |
US (2006) |
Molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription |
| Gerhard Ertl |
Germany (2007) |
Chemical processes on solid surfaces |
| Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz, & Ada E. Yonath |
2009 |
Structure and function of the ribosome |
| Tomas Lindahl, Paul L. Modrich, & Aziz Sancar |
2015 |
DNA repair |
| Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddart, & Ben Feringa |
2016 |
Design and synthesis of molecular machines |
