SAX Parser - Modify XML Document

Demo Example

Here is the input xml file we need to Modify by appending <Result>Pass<Result/> at the end of the </marks> tag.

<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<class>
   <student rollno = "393">
      <firstname>Dinkar</firstname>
      <lastname>Kad</lastname>
      <nickname>Dinkar</nickname>
      <marks>85</marks>
   </student>
   
   <student rollno = "493">
      <firstname>Vineet</firstname>
      <lastname>Gupta</lastname>
      <nickname>Vinni</nickname>
      <marks>95</marks>
   </student>
   
   <student rollno = "593">
      <firstname>Jasvir</firstname>
      <lastname>Singh</lastname>
      <nickname>Jazz</nickname>
      <marks>90</marks>
   </student>
</class>

SAXModifyDemo.java

package com.howcodex.xml;

import java.io.*;
import org.xml.sax.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class SAXModifyDemo extends DefaultHandler {
   static String displayText[] = new String[1000];
   static int numberLines = 0;
   static String indentation = "";

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      try {	
         File inputFile = new File("input.txt");
         SAXParserFactory factory = 
         SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
         SAXModifyDemo obj = new SAXModifyDemo();
         obj.childLoop(inputFile);
         FileWriter filewriter = new FileWriter("newfile.xml");
         for(int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < numberLines; loopIndex++){
            filewriter.write(displayText[loopIndex].toCharArray());
            filewriter.write('\n');
            System.out.println(displayText[loopIndex].toString());
         }
         filewriter.close();
      } catch (Exception e) {
         e.printStackTrace(System.err);
      }
   }

   public void childLoop(File input){
      DefaultHandler handler = this;
      SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
      try {
         SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();
         saxParser.parse(input, handler);
      } catch (Throwable t) {}
   }

   public void startDocument() {
      displayText[numberLines] = indentation;
      displayText[numberLines] += "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\""+
         "UTF-8" + "\"?>";
      numberLines++;
   }

   public void processingInstruction(String target, String data) {
      displayText[numberLines] = indentation;
      displayText[numberLines] += "<?";
      displayText[numberLines] += target;
      if (data != null && data.length() > 0) {
         displayText[numberLines] += ' ';
         displayText[numberLines] += data;
      }
      displayText[numberLines] += "?>";
      numberLines++;
   }

   public void startElement(String uri, String localName,
      String qualifiedName, Attributes attributes) {
      displayText[numberLines] = indentation;

      indentation += "    ";

      displayText[numberLines] += '<';
      displayText[numberLines] += qualifiedName;
      if (attributes != null) {
         int numberAttributes = attributes.getLength();
         for (int loopIndex = 0; loopIndex < numberAttributes;
            loopIndex++){
            displayText[numberLines] += ' ';
            displayText[numberLines] += attributes.getQName(loopIndex);
            displayText[numberLines] += "=\"";
            displayText[numberLines] += attributes.getValue(loopIndex);
            displayText[numberLines] += '"';
         }
      }
      displayText[numberLines] += '>';
      numberLines++;
   }

   public void characters(char characters[], int start, int length) {
      String characterData = (new String(characters, start, length)).trim();
      if(characterData.indexOf("\n") < 0 && characterData.length() > 0) {
         displayText[numberLines] = indentation;
         displayText[numberLines] += characterData;
         numberLines++;
      }
   }

   public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qualifiedName) {
      indentation = indentation.substring(0, indentation.length() - 4);
      displayText[numberLines] = indentation;
      displayText[numberLines] += "</";
      displayText[numberLines] += qualifiedName;
      displayText[numberLines] += '>';
      numberLines++;

      if (qualifiedName.equals("marks")) {
         startElement("", "Result", "Result", null);
         characters("Pass".toCharArray(), 0, "Pass".length());
         endElement("", "Result", "Result");
      }
   }
}

The above program will generate the following result −

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<class>
   <student rollno = "393">
      <firstname>
         Dinkar
      </firstname>

      <lastname>
         Kad
      </lastname>

      <nickname>
         Dinkar
      </nickname>

      <marks>
         85
      </marks>

      <Result>
         Pass
      </Result>
   </student>
    
   <student rollno = "493">
      <firstname>
         Vineet
      </firstname>

      <lastname>
         Gupta
      </lastname>

      <nickname>
         Vinni
      </nickname>

      <marks>
         95
      </marks>

      <Result>
         Pass
      </Result>
   </student>
    
   <student rollno = "593">
      <firstname>
         Jasvir
      </firstname>

      <lastname>
         Singh
      </lastname>

      <nickname>
         Jazz
      </nickname>

      <marks>
        90
      </marks>

      <Result>
         Pass
      </Result>
   </student>
</class>