Spring JDBC - Batch Operation

Following example will demonstrate how to make a batch update using Spring JDBC. We'll update the available records in Student table in a single batch operation.

Syntax

String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
int[] updateCounts = jdbcTemplateObject.batchUpdate(SQL,
   new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
   
   public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
      ps.setInt(1, students.get(i).getAge());						
      ps.setInt(2, students.get(i).getId());	
   }
   public int getBatchSize() {
      return students.size();
   }
}); 

Where,

• SQL − Update query to update student's age.

• jdbcTemplateObject − StudentJDBCTemplate object to update student object in database.

• BatchPreparedStatementSetter − Batch executor, set values in PerparedStatement per item identified by list of objects student and index i. getBatchSize() returns the size of the batch.

• updateCounts − Int array containing updated row count per update query.

To understand the above-mentioned concepts related to Spring JDBC, let us write an example which will update a batch operation. To write our example, let us have a working Eclipse IDE in place and use the following steps to create a Spring application.

Following is the content of the Data Access Object interface file StudentDAO.java.

package com.howcodex;

import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

public interface StudentDAO {
   /** 
      * This is the method to be used to initialize
      * database resources ie. connection.
   */
   public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
   
   /** 
      * This is the method to be used to list down
      * all the records from the Student table.
   */
   public List<Student> listStudents();  

   public void batchUpdate(final List<Student> students);
}

Following is the content of the Student.java file.

package com.howcodex;

public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   private Integer id;

   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setId(Integer id) {
      this.id = id;
   }
   public Integer getId() {
      return id;
   }
}

Following is the content of the StudentMapper.java file.

package com.howcodex;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
   public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
      Student student = new Student();
      student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
      student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
      student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
      return student;
   }
}

Following is the implementation class file StudentJDBCTemplate.java for the defined DAO interface StudentDAO.

package com.howcodex;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchPreparedStatementSetter;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
   private DataSource dataSource;
   private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
   
   public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
      this.dataSource = dataSource;
      this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
   }
   public List<Student> listStudents() {
      String SQL = "select * from Student";
      List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, 
                                new StudentMapper());
      return students;
   }
   public void batchUpdate(final List<Student> students){
      String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
      int[] updateCounts = jdbcTemplateObject.batchUpdate(SQL,
         new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
         
         public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
            ps.setInt(1, students.get(i).getAge());						
            ps.setInt(2, students.get(i).getId());	
         }
         public int getBatchSize() {
            return students.size();
         }
      }); 
      System.out.println("Records updated!");
   }
}

Following is the content of the MainApp.java file.

package com.howcodex;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

      StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = 
         (StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");

      List<Student> initialStudents = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
      System.out.println("Initial Students");
      
      for(Student student2: initialStudents){
         System.out.print("ID : " + student2.getId() );
         System.out.println(", Age : " + student2.getAge()); 
      }

      Student student = new Student();
      student.setId(1);
      student.setAge(10);

      Student student1 = new Student();
      student1.setId(3);
      student1.setAge(10);

      List<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
      students.add(student);
      students.add(student1);

      studentJDBCTemplate.batchUpdate(students);

      List<Student> updatedStudents = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
      System.out.println("Updated Students");
      
      for(Student student3: updatedStudents){
         System.out.print("ID : " + student3.getId() );
         System.out.println(", Age : " + student3.getAge()); 
      }
   }
}

Following is the configuration file Beans.xml.

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

   <!-- Initialization for data source -->
   <bean id = "dataSource" 
      class = "org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name = "driverClassName" value = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
      <property name = "url" value = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/>
      <property name = "username" value = "root"/>
      <property name = "password" value = "admin"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
   <bean id = "studentJDBCTemplate" 
      class = "com.howcodex.StudentJDBCTemplate">
      <property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />    
   </bean>
      
</beans>

Once you are done creating the source and bean configuration files, let us run the application. If everything is fine with your application, it will print the following message.

Initial Students
ID : 1, Age : 11
ID : 3, Age : 15
Records updated!
Updated Students
ID : 1, Age : 10
ID : 3, Age : 10