SAP SD - Billing Methods

A billing method determines whether you have to create an invoice for every delivery or you want to send an invoice to the customer each month.

You can use the following billing method types −

• Individual Billing per sales document.
• Collective Billing method for multiple sales document.
• Invoice Split for several billing documents for one or more sales document.

In Individual Billing method, you can make the setting in system to create single billing document for each sales document. Example: One invoice per delivery.

In Collective Billing, it allows you to combine different documents like sales orders and/or deliveries either partially or fully in a common billing document.

Invoice Splits allow you to create invoices as per the specific criteria.

Billing Plan

A billing plan in SAP SD is defined as a plan with individual billing dates for goods and services and it doesn’t depend on the delivery of goods. Using this bill plan, you can bill for a service or product at regular time intervals or at specific dates defined in the system in advance.

As per the business transactions, a system allows you to process any of the billing plan type. There are two types of billing plan −

• Milestone Billing
• Periodic Billing

Milestone billing includes dividing the total billed amount in multiple billing dates that are defined in a billing plan. When there is a milestone reached as per defined in the system, customer is charged as per the project cost or a predefined amount as per the bill plan. Milestone billing is normally used for long term projects.

Periodic billing includes charging of bill amount at a regular interval of time. Example: Suppose you have to pay a rental amount monthly as per the contract. The system can process monthly payment as per the schedule. Periodic billing plan is normally used in the following categories −

• For a Service like Annual Maintenance contracts, etc.
• For lease agreements.
• Intellectual Property Management.

Assigning Billing Plans to Business Transactions

In SAP system, you can mention if one billing plan is applicable for all the products in a business transaction or you can define separate bill plans for each transaction goods as per the requirement.

Note that you can define a billing plan in SAP CRM system − Customer Relationship Management → Transactions → Basic Settings → Billing Plan

You cannot use billing plans created in SAP CRM system in SAP ERP system.

Revenue Account Determination

Revenue account is used for revenue recognition and is used for integrating SAP SD module and Finance Accounting module. As per the billing document to account, system determines the correct G/L account for posting the revenue as per the revenue account determination.

To configure Revenue Account Determination: Use T-Code: OVK5

OR

Go to SPRO → IMG → Sales and Distribution → Basic Function → Account Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination → Check Master data relevant for Determination.

Using this, you can define −

• Account Assignment for Materials
• Account Assignment for Customers

Select any one of them and click Choose.

Materials − Account Assignment Groups − Using this option, you can divide materials into different groups, services and retails groups. You maintain this in Material Master MM01/MM02 under Sales → Sales Org 2 view.

Customers − Account Assignment Groups − Using this option, you can divide customer into different groups. Example: You can divide customers into domestic customers and non-domestic or overseas. You maintain this in Payer Customer Master using VD01/XD01/VD02/XD02 under billing document tab of Sales Area Data.

To create and display the condition table for revenue account determination −

Go to SPRO → IMG → SD → Basic Function → Account Assignment → Account Assignment/Costing → Revenue Account Determination → Define dependency of Revenue Account Determination → Execute.

A new window will open, then you can select the relevant option related to the condition table and click Choose.

The following T-Codes can be used for managing condition tables

The next step is to define access sequence and account determination type.

Define and Assign Account Determination Procedure −

• The first step is to define and assign an account key and then
• Assignment of General Ledger account.

Useful Structure in Revenue Account Determination −