Python MySQL - Database Connection

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To connect with MySQL, (one way is to) open the MySQL command prompt in your system as shown below −

MySQL Command Prompt

It asks for password here; you need to type the password you have set to the default user (root) at the time of installation.

Then a connection is established with MySQL displaying the following message −

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.12-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

You can disconnect from the MySQL database any time using the exit command at mysql> prompt.

mysql> exit
Bye

Establishing connection with MySQL using python

Before establishing connection to MySQL database using python, assume −

  • That we have created a database with name mydb.

  • We have created a table EMPLOYEE with columns FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, AGE, SEX and INCOME.

  • The credentials we are using to connect with MySQL are username: root, password: password.

You can establish a connection using the connect() constructor. This accepts username, password, host and, name of the database you need to connect with (optional) and, returns an object of the MySQLConnection class.

Example

Following is the example of connecting with MySQL database "mydb".

import mysql.connector

#establishing the connection
conn = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')

#Creating a cursor object using the cursor() method
cursor = conn.cursor()

#Executing an MYSQL function using the execute() method
cursor.execute("SELECT DATABASE()")

# Fetch a single row using fetchone() method.
data = cursor.fetchone()
print("Connection established to: ",data)

#Closing the connection
conn.close()

Output

On executing, this script produces the following output −

D:\Python_MySQL>python EstablishCon.py
Connection established to: ('mydb',)

You can also establish connection to MySQL by passing credentials (user name, password, hostname, and database name) to connection.MySQLConnection() as shown below −

from mysql.connector import (connection)

#establishing the connection
conn = connection.MySQLConnection(user='root', password='password', host='127.0.0.1', database='mydb')

#Closing the connection
conn.close()
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