Java 8 - Base64

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With Java 8, Base64 has finally got its due. Java 8 now has inbuilt encoder and decoder for Base64 encoding. In Java 8, we can use three types of Base64 encoding.

  • Simple − Output is mapped to a set of characters lying in A-Za-z0-9+/. The encoder does not add any line feed in output, and the decoder rejects any character other than A-Za-z0-9+/.

  • URL − Output is mapped to set of characters lying in A-Za-z0-9+_. Output is URL and filename safe.

  • MIME − Output is mapped to MIME friendly format. Output is represented in lines of no more than 76 characters each, and uses a carriage return '\r' followed by a linefeed '\n' as the line separator. No line separator is present to the end of the encoded output.

Nested Classes

Sr.No. Nested class & Description
1

static class Base64.Decoder

This class implements a decoder for decoding byte data using the Base64 encoding scheme as specified in RFC 4648 and RFC 2045.
2

static class Base64.Encoder

This class implements an encoder for encoding byte data using the Base64 encoding scheme as specified in RFC 4648 and RFC 2045.

Methods

Sr.No. Method Name & Description
1

static Base64.Decoder getDecoder()

Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the Basic type base64 encoding scheme.
2

static Base64.Encoder getEncoder()

Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the Basic type base64 encoding scheme.
3

static Base64.Decoder getMimeDecoder()

Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the MIME type base64 decoding scheme.
4

static Base64.Encoder getMimeEncoder()

Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the MIME type base64 encoding scheme.
5

static Base64.Encoder getMimeEncoder(int lineLength, byte[] lineSeparator)

Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the MIME type base64 encoding scheme with specified line length and line separators.
6

static Base64.Decoder getUrlDecoder()

Returns a Base64.Decoder that decodes using the URL and Filename safe type base64 encoding scheme.
7

static Base64.Encoder getUrlEncoder()

Returns a Base64.Encoder that encodes using the URL and Filename safe type base64 encoding scheme.

Methods Inherited

This class inherits methods from the following class −

  • java.lang.Object

Base64 Example

Create the following Java program using any editor of your choice in say C:/> JAVA.

Java8Tester.java

Live Demo 
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.UUID;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

public class HelloWorld {

   public static void main(String args[]) {

      try {
		
         // Encode using basic encoder
         String base64encodedString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(
            "Howcodex?java8".getBytes("utf-8"));
         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (Basic) :" + base64encodedString);
		
         // Decode
         byte[] base64decodedBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64encodedString);
		
         System.out.println("Original String: " + new String(base64decodedBytes, "utf-8"));
         base64encodedString = Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString(
            "Howcodex?java8".getBytes("utf-8"));
         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (URL) :" + base64encodedString);
		
         StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
		
         for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
            stringBuilder.append(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
         }
		
         byte[] mimeBytes = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes("utf-8");
         String mimeEncodedString = Base64.getMimeEncoder().encodeToString(mimeBytes);
         System.out.println("Base64 Encoded String (MIME) :" + mimeEncodedString);

      } catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
         System.out.println("Error :" + e.getMessage());
      }
   }
}

Verify the Result

Compile the class using javac compiler as follows −

C:\JAVA>javac Java8Tester.java

Now run the Java8Tester as follows −

C:\JAVA>java Java8Tester

It should produce the following output −

Base64 Encoded String (Basic) :VHV0b3JpYWxzUG9pbnQ/amF2YTg=
Original String: Howcodex?java8
Base64 Encoded String (URL) :VHV0b3JpYWxzUG9pbnQ_amF2YTg=
Base64 Encoded String (MIME) :YmU3NWY2ODktNGM5YS00ODlmLWI2MTUtZTVkOTk2YzQ1Njk1Y2EwZTg2OTEtMmRiZC00YTQ1LWJl
NTctMTI1MWUwMTk0ZWQyNDE0NDAwYjgtYTYxOS00NDY5LTllYTctNjc1YzE3YWJhZTk1MTQ2MDQz
NDItOTAyOC00ZWI0LThlOTYtZWU5YzcwNWQyYzVhMTQxMWRjYTMtY2MwNi00MzU0LTg0MTgtNGQ1
MDkwYjdiMzg2ZTY0OWU5MmUtZmNkYS00YWEwLTg0MjQtYThiOTQxNDQ2YzhhNTVhYWExZjItNjU2
Mi00YmM4LTk2ZGYtMDE4YmY5ZDZhMjkwMzM3MWUzNDMtMmQ3MS00MDczLWI0Y2UtMTQxODE0MGU5
YjdmYTVlODUxYzItN2NmOS00N2UyLWIyODQtMThlMWVkYTY4M2Q1YjE3YTMyYmItZjllMS00MTFk
LWJiM2UtM2JhYzUxYzI5OWI4
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