CSS Filters - Text and Image Effects

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You can use CSS filters to add special effects to text, images and other aspects of a webpage without using images or other graphics. Filters only work on Internet Explorer 4.0. If you are developing your site for multiple browsers, then it may not be a good idea to use CSS filters because there is a possibility that it would not give any advantage.

In this chapter, we will see the details of each CSS filter. These filters may not work in your browser.

Alpha Channel

The Alpha Channel filter alters the opacity of the object, which makes it blend into the background. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

opacity

Level of the opacity. 0 is fully transparent, 100 is fully opaque.
2

finishopacity

Level of the opacity at the other end of the object.
3

style

The shape of the opacity gradient.

0 = uniform

1 = linear

2 = radial

3 = rectangular
4

startX

X coordinate for opacity gradient to begin.
5

startY

Y coordinate for opacity gradient to begin.
6

finishX

X coordinate for opacity gradient to end.
7

finishY

Y coordinate for opacity gradient to end.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "Filter: Alpha(Opacity=100, 
         FinishOpacity = 0, 
         Style = 2, 
         StartX = 20, 
         StartY = 40, 
         FinishX = 0, 
         FinishY = 0)" />
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: blue;
         Filter: Alpha(Opacity=100, FinishOpacity=0, Style=1, StartX=0, StartY=0, FinishX=580, FinishY=0)">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Motion Blur

Motion Blur is used to create blurred pictures or text with the direction and strength. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

add

True or false. If true, the image is added to the blurred image; and if false, the image is not added to the blurred image.
2

direction

The direction of the blur, going clockwise, rounded to 45-degree increments. The default value is 270 (left).

0 = Top

45 = Top right

90 = Right

135 = Bottom right

180 = Bottom

225 = Bottom left

270 = Left

315 = Top left
3

strength

The number of pixels the blur will extend. The default is 5 pixels.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "Filter: Blur(Add = 0, Direction = 225, Strength = 10)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: blue; 
         Filter: Blur(Add = 1, Direction = 225, Strength = 10)">CSS Tutorials
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Chroma Filter

Chroma Filter is used to make any particular color transparent and usually it is used with images. You can use it with scrollbars also. The following parameter can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

color

The color that you'd like to be transparent.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/images/css.gif" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" style = "Filter: Chroma(Color = #FFFFFF)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 580; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: #3300FF; 
         Filter: Chroma(Color = #3300FF)">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Drop Shadow Effect

Drop Shadow is used to create a shadow of your object at the specified X (horizontal) and Y (vertical) offset and color.

The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

color

The color, in #RRGGBB format, of the dropshadow.
2

offX

Number of pixels the drop shadow is offset from the visual object, along the x-axis. Positive integers move the drop shadow to the right, negative integers move the drop shadow to the left.
3

offY

Number of pixels the drop shadow is offset from the visual object, along the y-axis. Positive integers move the drop shadow down, negative integers move the drop shadow up.
4

positive

If true, all opaque pixels of the object have a dropshadow. If false, all transparent pixels have a dropshadow. The default is true.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter:drop-shadow(2px 2px 1px #FF0000);">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter:drop-shadow(3px 3px 2px #000000);">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Flip Effect

Flip effect is used to create a mirror image of the object. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

FlipH

Creates a horizontal mirror image
2

FlipV

Creates a vertical mirror image

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: FlipH">
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" alt = "CSS Logo" style = "filter: FlipV">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 300; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: FlipV">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Glow Effect

Glow effect is used to create a glow around the object. If it is a transparent image, then glow is created around the opaque pixels of it. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

color

The color you want the glow to be.
2

strength

The intensity of the glow (from 1 to 255).

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: Chroma(Color = #000000) Glow(Color=#00FF00, Strength=20)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: Glow(Color=#00FF00, Strength=20)">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Grayscale Effect

Grayscale effect is used to convert the colors of the object to 256 shades of gray. The following parameter is used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

grayscale

Converts the colors of the object to 256 shades of gray.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: grayscale(50%)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: grayscale(50%)">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Invert Effect

Invert effect is used to map the colors of the object to their opposite values in the color spectrum, i.e., to create a negative image. The following parameter is used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

Invert

Maps the colors of the object to their opposite value in the color spectrum.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: invert(100%)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: invert(100%)">CSS Tutorials</div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Mask Effect

Mask effect is used to turn transparent pixels to a specified color and makes opaque pixels transparent. The following parameter is used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

color

The color that the transparent areas will become.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: Chroma(Color = #000000) Mask(Color=#00FF00)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: Mask(Color=#00FF00)">CSS Tutorials
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Shadow Filter

Shadow filter is used to create an attenuated shadow in the direction and color specified. This is a filter that lies in between Dropshadow and Glow. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

color

The color that you want the shadow to be.
2

direction

The direction of the blur, going clockwise, rounded to 45-degree increments. The default value is 270 (left).

0 = Top

45 = Top right

90 = Right

135 = Bottom right

180 = Bottom

225 = Bottom left

270 = Left

315 = Top left

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: Chroma(Color = #000000) Shadow(Color=#00FF00, Direction=225)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: 
         Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: Shadow(Color=#0000FF, Direction=225)">CSS Tutorials
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

Wave Effect

Wave effect is used to give the object a sine wave distortion to make it look wavy. The following parameters can be used in this filter −

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

add

A value of 1 adds the original image to the waved image, 0 does not.
2

freq

The number of waves.
3

light

The strength of the light on the wave (from 0 to 100).
4

phase

At what degree the sine wave should start (from 0 to 100).
5

strength

The intensity of the wave effect.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: Chroma(Color = #000000) 
         Wave(Add=0, Freq=1, LightStrength=10, Phase=220, Strength=10)">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: Wave(Add=0, Freq=1, LightStrength=10, Phase=20, Strength=20)">CSS Tutorials
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

X-Ray Effect

X-Ray effect grayscales and flattens the color depth. The following parameter is used in this filter:

Sr.No. Parameter & Description
1

xray

Grayscales and flattens the color depth.

Example

Live Demo 
<html>
   <head>
   </head>
   
   <body>
      <p>Image Example:</p>
      
      <img src = "/css/images/logo.png" 
         alt = "CSS Logo" 
         style = "filter: Xray">
      
      <p>Text Example:</p>
      
      <div style = "width: 357; 
         height: 50; 
         font-size: 30pt; 
         font-family: Arial Black; 
         color: red; 
         filter: Xray">CSS Tutorials
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

It will produce the following result −

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